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Home All about vacuum

How does a vacuum truck work? Everything you need to know about

Nancy Truong by Nancy Truong
20/09/2022
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How does a vacuum truck work? – A particular kind of machine called a vacuum truck is made for sucking different liquids into a tank. Due of its non-destructive techniques, vac trucks are revolutionizing excavation in South Australia and Victoria.

Table of Contents

  • What is a vacuum truck? What is the purpose of a vac truck?
  • How does a vacuum truck work?
  • Typical uses for a Vac Truck
  • How the VAC Group vacuum excavation process works
  • What is a wet substances vacuum truck?
  • Did you know? Trucks with vacuums can save lives!
  • Wrap up

What is a vacuum truck? What is the purpose of a vac truck?

Cities frequently use vacuum trucks (Vac truck), also referred to as vacuum tankers, to manage extensive liquid and sludge clean up, most frequently in sewage and septic system maintenance.

They can also be used to suction water and debris left over from hydro-excavation or drilling projects in industrial and municipal environments.

Vacuum trucks provide the environmental cleanup, storage tank maintenance, and waste management required by towns and industry, from removing mud to expose utility wires to preventing sewer system overloads.

How does a vacuum truck work

How does a vacuum truck work?

A vacuum truck and a shop vac have similar functions. The holding tank is emptied of air by a strong pump, which leaves a vacuum inside.

The truck can suck up liquids and sludges by opening the primary and secondary shutdown valves on the suction hoses, which forces the tank to attempt to equalize the pressure inside.

The caliber of the tools and the strength of the pump have an impact on suction power and the capacity to handle challenging chores, just like a home vacuum.

How does a vacuum truck work
The operation of a vacuum pump truck is depicted in this diagram. Remember that air alone should never pass through a vacuum pump or vacuum blower. The vacuum that is created in the tank by the pump completes all of the work.
1) Tank Can
Center cylinder of the tank body. Rolled sheet of steel or stainless steel usually 1/4″ inch thick.
2) Tank Head
End cap of the tank body. At LMT, we use a flange and dish (F&D) process to form our tank heads. Constructed of same material as can.
3) Discharge Port
Generally 3″, 4″ or 6″ pipe connected to a lever, butterfly or ball valve.
4) Inlet Port
Typically a lever, butterfly, or ball valve attached to a 2″, 3″, 4″, or 6″ pipe. To ensure that any huge object can pass, inlet ports are frequently smaller than discharge ports.
5) Sight Eyes
Used to view the tank’s load level. Typically 2 “, 3″ or 5″. Sight eye bowls can be removed for simple cleaning and are made of glass or plastic. Typically, large tanks contain three or five “sight eyes at levels of 1/2, 3/4, and full.
6) Vacuum/Pressure Gauge
Simple gauge indicating the level of vacuum or pressure in the tank.
7) Manway/Hatch/Portal
Tank access port ranging from 12″ to 36″ in diameter. Essentially for cleaning. Typically located on the top or rear of tank.
8) Vacuum Relief Valve
Maximum tank vacuum is regulated by a safety element. Reduces the chance of long-term tank wear and tank failure. Additionally permits air to flow through the tank to cool the vacuum pump. Mounted as closely as possible to the pump. Relieving valve for pressure
9) Pressure Relief Valve
Safety feature used to regulate maximum pressure level in the tank. Reduces risk long term tank fatigue and potential for tank collapse.
10) Primary Shutoff
The first line of defense preventing tank contents from entering the pump, available in a variety of sizes and variations. Rated by CFM to be paired appropriately with vacuum pump.
11) Float Ball
Floats to top of tank when full. Constructed of stainless steel or rubber coated plastic.
12) Ball Seat
Gasket-like ring above the float ball creates a seal when tank reaches capacity.
13) Secondary Shutoff
Second component inline preventing tank contents from entering the pump. Available in a variety of styles & sizes. Rated by CFM to be paired appropriately with vacuum pump.
14) Vacuum Pump
In the tank, a vacuum is produced using rotary vane vacuum pumps. The air is moved by the pump using 2 to 8 interchangeable sliding vanes. The vanes need to be lubricated continuously utilizing a reservoir and controlled delivery mechanism. Every pump has a single direction of rotation: clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW). Pumps range in size from 30 to over 500 cubic feet per minute (CFM).
15) Oil Catch Muffler/Oil Separator
Lowers the noise level of the pump exhaust and separates the blow-by pump oil for disposal.  Vacuum pump should be the right size to stop oil from flying out the exhaust.
16) Tank Rails
Supports the bottom of the tank. Available straight (shown) or tapered/sloped.

Typical uses for a Vac Truck

The work that vacuum excavation companies do with utility companies to locate their utility lines is what makes them most well-known. This is possible because they can vacuum up the leftover slurry and dig for utilities without causing any damage to the ground using their vacuum trucks. This reduces the chance of line strikes and guarantees that utilities are not harmed.

Septic, water, and sewerage tanks are all routinely cleaned and emptied using vacuum trucks. Since other ways of emptying tanks are not hygienically safe, this work is exclusive to the vacuum truck sector. The spoil can be moved to another area and properly disposed of by utilizing vac trucks to safely suck it into the tank.

How the VAC Group vacuum excavation process works

At VAC Group, there is a lot of vacuum excavation; in fact, they did so much vacuum excavation that we made a how-to video outlining the procedure. They are able to finish a work faster and more effectively than our competitors since we employ internal Australian-made machines.

How hydro-excavating or vacuum excavation works. - Great Ontario Hydrovac

Step 1: Initial pre-start inspection

Visual and tactile testing can be used to confirm that everything is working. Check the tires, the machinery, and the pressure, among other things.

Step 2: Set up for the vacuum excavation project in step two.

The suction hose and pressure hose should be unrolled from the back of the car and carried to the job site.

Step 3: Ascertain that one of the operators possesses the water-controlling remote.

This remote manages the water flow, volume, rpm, and idling. It also controls the water flow.

Step 4: Transport the item while it is in the truck’s tank.

Transporting the product to a soil transfer station requires sucking all of the product into the truck’s back.

Step 5: Deliver the merchandise to the soil transfer facility.

After moving through the station, the product is divided into dry dirt and water.

Step 6: Apply the soil and water to a different vacuum excavation project.

What is a wet substances vacuum truck?

A vacuum truck with a mounted vacuum tank and a vacuum pump that applies negative pressure (a vacuum) to the tank is known as a wet substances vacuum truck (or super sucker). A pressure difference exists between the environment and the contents of the tank due to the negative pressure within.

Air (gas) is released into the atmosphere by the vacuum pump as a result of the suction effect. This is the reason why pressure/vacuum trucks and wet substances trucks both have similar names. ​

vacuum trucks wet koks ecovac header

The product (which may be both liquid and/or sludge) gets trapped in the sludge tank when employing a wet substances vacuum truck as a result of this negative pressure.

Only the vapours (gases) and particles enter the vacuum pump and the service water tank; the vacuumed product does not. When the tank is full, the shut-off valve/ball float on the vacuum pump’s intake activates.

A KOKS scrubber can be fitted to clear excess vapours (gases) before they are discharged into the atmosphere in the event that they are going to be released.

Did you know? Trucks with vacuums can save lives!

However, vacuum trucks are used for more than only septic tanks and sewers. These trucks might be of great use during rescue operations and natural disasters. Vacuum trucks are crucial for promptly removing and storing any hazardous items from hazardous waste or oil spills so they don’t pollute the environment or go into nearby rivers.

What Is A Combo Vac Truck And How Does It Work? | Northern Vac

Even vacuum trucks have occasionally been requested to help rescue operations by emergency personnel. Emergency services can rely on vacuum tankers to quickly suction any sludge or dirt from the accident scene when tragedy strikes and pits or trenches collapse on personnel.

Wrap up

Towns and workplaces depend on vacuum trucks to maintain their cleanliness and safety. These large machines can handle nasty projects of any size, whether it is waste management, a hazmat situation, or environmental cleanup. The best industrial cleaning contractor in Georgia is called First Environmental. Hope the article about how does a vacuum truck work from bestvacuumcleaning.com can help you solve the question.

Tags: how does a vacuum truck workvacuum truckvacuum truck workwhat is a vacuum truckwhat vacuum truck is
Nancy Truong

Nancy Truong

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